An expression of interest (EOI) launched by the Maritime and Port Authority of Singapore (MPA) in 2023 for proposals on designs and to promote adoption of full electric harbour craft (e-HC) in Singapore received a total of 55 proposals from 32 international and local companies and consortia.
The results are considered to signal high interest and strong confidence by global and local participants in the development of e-HC in Singapore. Participants had submitted technically strong e-HC designs, including the use of optimised aluminium hull form, high energy density batteries with active liquid cooling, battery thermal detection and protection system, among others. They had also stated in the proposals that the total cost of ownership for e-HC can be comparable to a conventional harbour craft. While e-HC currently have higher upfront capital cost due primarily to the higher cost of the batteries and associated systems, these can be mitigated by energy cost savings from operating the more energy-efficient e-HC, reduced maintenance cost and operational downtime.
Several participants have proposed business models to optimise the harbour craft resource at the sector-level while lowering overall total cost of ownership to individual companies. These proposals aim to encourage more companies, especially those with smaller fleet size, to make the transition to e-HC, by presenting viable business cases based on aggregation, while enabling an efficient and responsive sector-level capability to meet the needs of ships calling into Singapore.
Following the evaluation panel’s report on the proposals, MPA has shortlisted a total of 11 passenger launch and cargo lighter vessel designs submitted by seven companies and consortia. Together with various research institutes such as the Institute of High-Performance Computing, Solar Energy Research Institute of Singapore, the Technology Centre for Offshore and Marine, Tropical Marine Science Institute and Institutes of Higher Learning (IHL) such as the Nanyang Technological University, National University of Singapore, Singapore Institute of Technology, and Singapore University of Technology and Design, MPA will support an enhancement programme for researchers in the maritime domain to enhance the vessel designs, safety and cybersecurity, and reduce the energy requirements. This will help reduce the overall costs for these designs when scaled up and support continuous improvements. When the designs and prototypes are ready, the participants can progressively market these enhanced e-HC reference designs to interested parties and aggregate production demand from the industry. The use of ready reference designs and production at scale, is expected to help reap cost savings for companies planning to make the transition to e-HCs.
Of the 11 e-HC designs, six have secured the relevant technical approvals from Classification Societies, and will be seeking to aggregate industry demand for their designs. The six designs submitted by the Coastal Sustainability Alliance, marinEV (Lita Ocean and SeaTech Solutions), and Pyxis Maritime, demonstrate strong understanding of Singapore’s requirements in areas including battery specifications, digital and cyber systems, training requirements and development of local capability. These participants will be working directly with MPA and its researchers over the next two to six months to optimise and validate their e-HC designs, depending on their current maturity and readiness.
The remaining five proposals were submitted by CAEV+ (a consortium comprising Contemporary Amperex Electric Vessel Technology (CAEV), Contemporary Amperex Technology (CATL), Guangdong SINOWAY Composite Materials, YUET HING Marine Supplies and Seastel Marine System Shanghai), China Everbright Environment Group Limited, Cyan Renewables (a consortium comprising Bureau Veritas Marine, PSA Marine, Strategic Marine, SeaCabbie, Sea Forrest and Victory Petroleum) and Gennal Engineering. MPA will work with these participants, together with the various IHLs and research institutes, to further develop their e-HC designs. The scope of enhancements will include optimisation of the vessel hull and electrical systems design, the design of fire-resilient battery room, and cyber health monitoring system, to strengthen the vessels’ energy efficiency and safety. Similarly, these designs can be progressively implemented for demand aggregation from the industry.
MPA has recently announced three vessel charging concepts to be piloted in Singapore following a call for proposal to develop, operate, and maintain e-HC charging points in Singapore. Insights from the data collected during the pilot will contribute toward the development of a national e-HC charging infrastructure masterplan, implementation plan, and national standards for e-HC charging infrastructure. MPA is working with Enterprise Singapore, industry stakeholders and academia to develop a Technical Reference (TR) for e-HC charging. The draft TR is estimated to be ready for public consultation later in 2024. MPA has additionally invited financial institutions and intermediaries to submit financing and insurance solutions through an EOI to help early movers with the higher upfront cost of owning e-HCs. The EOI is now closed and MPA is currently evaluating the proposals submitted. These solutions will address the current gaps in the financing and insurance landscape, support the rollout of these new vessel designs and grow the maritime finance and insurance market.
Biofuels blends of up to B50 are already commercially available. MPA is working with industry to develop standards for up to B100. New harbour craft from 2030 would have the choice for their engines to be B100 biofuel capable or be compatible with net zero fuels such as hydrogen when it is more readily available.
Image: Proposed electric charging ports in Singapore Port (source: MPA)
